Comparison of the Concept of Educational Goals in the Thought of Al-Farabi, Al-Ghazali, and Ibn Sina: A Philosophical Analysis of the Concept of the Kamil Human Being

Rusmaeni Rusmaeni; Amma  Ainun; Evi Susanti; Ruslan Ruslan; Muslimin  Muslimin

doi:10.31943/afkarjournal.v9i3.3349

Authors

Rusmaeni Rusmaeni Universitas Muhammadiyah Bima
Amma Ainun Universitas Muhammadiyah Bima
Evi Susanti Universitas Muhammadiyah Bima
Ruslan Ruslan Universitas Muhammadiyah Bima
Muslimin Muslimin Universitas Muhammadiyah Bima

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31943/afkarjournal.v9i3.3349

Keywords:

Educational Objectives, Islamic Philosophy, Kamil Humans, Comparative Analysis, Classical Muslim Thinkers

Abstract

This study explores the comparison of educational goals in the philosophical thought of Al-Farabi, Al-Ghazali, and Ibn Sina with a focus on the concept of Insan Kamil (perfect human being). The scope of this research lies in examining how each thinker formulates the final goal of education within the framework of Islamic philosophy. The aim of this study is to analyze the similarities and differences in their perspectives and to understand their relevance to the development of holistic human education. This study uses qualitative library research methods using philosophical and comparative approaches through the analysis of classical works and related scientific literature. The results show that the three thinkers emphasized human perfection through intellectual, moral, and spiritual development, albeit with different emphasises: Al-Farabi focused on intellectual excellence and social virtue, Al-Ghazali prioritized spiritual purification and closeness to God, while Ibn Sina integrated rational, ethical, and spiritual growth in achieving the ideal human personality.

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