Analysis of Tafsir Rules in the Interpretation of Mutasyabihat Verses: Maudhu'i Tafsir Approach

Abstract

The mutashabihat (ambiguous) verses in the Qur’an demand careful interpretation due to their inherently unclear meanings and close association with Allah’s transcendent attributes. Misinterpretation may lead to anthropomorphism (tashbih) or the negation of divine attributes (ta‘thil). This study aims to analyze how classical interpretive principles (qawā‘id al-tafsīr) are applied in understanding mutashabihat verses through a thematic (maudhu’i) approach. Utilizing a qualitative methodology based on library research, this study draws from classical and contemporary tafsir works. The findings highlight that principles such as yajibu ḥamlu nuṣūṣ al-waḥy ‘ala al-ḥaqīqah (interpreting revelation texts literally while affirming divine transcendence), al-i‘timād ‘ala al-ẓāhir ḥattā yarid al-dalīl (relying on the apparent meaning unless contrary evidence exists), and the tafwīḍ method (delegating the true meaning to Allah) serve as structured interpretive models that preserve theological integrity. These methodologies represent diverse yet complementary approaches rooted in Islamic epistemology and theology. The thematic approach enables a more comprehensive and contextual interpretation, maintaining a balance between reason, revelation, and faith.